Ultrafiltration (1986)

A person is lying on a bed in a hospital, in intensive care - connected to special medical equipment (on hemodialysis).

Close-up view of the hemodialysis machine - visible hoses, tubes through which blood runs.

A solution is bubbling in a large bottle, a panorama of a large glass flask shows the distillation process.

View of the system of flasks, tubes, etc.

The process of separation of liquid systems using membranes, transfer of liquid substances from the cell and into the cell (under a microscope) is shown.

Workshop, workers in white coats stack special white rectangular filters in a stack.

Large - the motion of particles is shown.

Scheme - methods of separation of liquid solutions using membranes.

It is shown how solvent and solute molecules interact when they differ in size.

Large - liquid is poured into the flask through a funnel.

Large - the face of an employee.

The solution drips drop by drop into the flask.

There are two flasks with a dark liquid.

The coarse filter element is replaced with a semi-permeable membrane.

A solution is poured into the container, filtered through the membrane and a clear liquid drips into the beaker.

Large - it is shown how the membrane retains some substances and passes others (under a microscope).

There is a liquid separation device in the laboratory - a dark liquid remains in one container, and a transparent one remains in the beaker.

Large - different devices for ultrafiltration, membranes, filters.

Enlarged images of the liquid separation process are shown.

In the frame is a snapshot of porous polymer membranes.

The process of the membrane operation is shown.

The process of separation of liquids in the laboratory is shown and the formula of specific productivity is derived.

The process of the membrane and the selectivity formula (what proportion of the substance is delayed by the membrane).

The principle of operation of the membrane is shown.

Large - a container with a dark liquid.

The process of mixing the solution using fluidized balls is shown.

The filtration process using a membrane.

Large - an arrow is moving on the pressure gauge.

It is shown how the speed of the filtration process increases.

The filtration process using a membrane.

Large - an arrow is moving on the pressure gauge.

Large - membrane.

There is a liquid separation device in the laboratory - a dark liquid remains in one container, and a transparent one remains in the beaker.

Large - thermometer, the temperature is increasing.

The filtration process using a membrane.

Large - thermometer, the temperature increases even more.

Large -membrane - its fibers are destroyed.

It is shown how increasing the concentration of the solute increases the viscosity of the solution.

The graphs show how the specific productivity and selectivity of the membrane are falling.

Large - membrane.

The graphs show how to choose the optimal concentration range correctly.

Large-scale industrial filtration system.

It is shown how the precipitate is removed with a special solution.

Four different sludge removal solutions are shown.

It is shown how some molecules pass through the membrane, while others do not.

Employees in white coats assemble an ultrafiltration industrial plant from many layers of membranes.

The membranes are separated by dividing cells.

One of the models of the filtration apparatus.

The structure of the filter apparatus is shown - the housing, the porous substrate and the membrane itself.

An industrial filtration plant in the workshop is shown.

The membranes that are obtained in industry by continuous irrigation are shown.

Different frames with ultrafiltration industrial installations.

The doctor is in the patient's room, connects him to an artificial kidney machine (hemodialysis).

Panorama of a working hemodialysis machine.