Hot forging (1972)

The worker transfers the hot workpiece under the hammer.

The hammer flattens the part.

In the future, it is processed under a press.

Hot parts are transferred to another press.

The two halves of the die have cavities corresponding to the shape of the forging, a workpiece heated to a predetermined temperature is placed between them.

Both halves of the die are closed with the force necessary to cause plastic flow of metal into the die cavity.

Changing the shape of the workpiece with each hammer blow.

The result is the required forging.

A cartoon explaining the forging process.

The excess metal flows into the hollow groove at the place of the stamp connector.

The obloy is a braking ring and contributes to the filling of the stamp with metal, which is a sign of open stamping.

The process of making a stamp is shown.

A cartoon showing a closed stamping.

There is no oblique groove.

The whole billet turns into a forging.

Such stamping allows you to save metal and time on further processing of forgings.

At the same time, a more precise preparation of the workpiece is required, a greater deforming force than with open stamping.

Forging of a simple form of single-hand stamping.

The forging process is multi-stream.

A five-hand stamp was required to forge the connecting rod.

Procurement department of the forging and stamping shop.

Cutting into blanks of metal rods.

The work of press mills.

High-carbon and alloy steels are heated 400-700 degrees before cutting.

Cutting rods with saws, abrasive wheels.

Heating of steel billets in a gas flame furnace before stamping.

Scale on the workpiece.

Oxidation-free heating of workpieces in an atmosphere of inert gases.

Heating of workpieces in induction heaters.

The work of the press.

Hammers, presses, horizontal forging machines are used for stamping.

Punching with a hammer, in each stream the hammer strikes several times.

Stamping of the crankshaft, when using 2 streams.

Crank hot stamping press.

Stamping takes place in one stamping stroke.

Stamping by extrusion.

A cartoon explaining this type of stamping.

Removal of forgings from the die by extrusion.

Modification of the workpiece in forging rollers.

In this operation, the workpiece approaches the shape of the future forging.

After rolling, complex forging, turbine blades, is carried out in one stream.

Horizontal forging machine.

The machine performs multi-stream landing in closed stamps.

The peculiarity of this machine is a side slider for clamping workpieces, which allows you to produce elongated forgings of the type of rods with thickening at the ends and ring-shaped with simultaneous piercing of the hole.

Forging production on horizontal forging machines.

Forgings made on this machine are close in configuration to the finished parts, they do not have chips and jumpers.

The process of rolling gear teeth on a gear-rolling semi-automatic.

A line for the manufacture of special bolts.

The induction heater and the press are connected in one automatic line.

Stamped bolts are removed from the stamps by an ejector.

After stamping in open dies, the forgings are trimmed off.

On the edging press, along with the pruning of the chip, the punching of the jumper can be carried out.

Large forgings are cut off in the hot state.

Small - in cold.

The technological cycle of forging is completed by finishing operations.

Heat treatment of the part.

One of the types of heat treatment is hardening.

Hardening of the part in water.

Long forgings may bend during processing.

Forging straightening.

Calibration - slight compression of forgings.

Cold calibration.

Cleaning of forgings from scale - etching with acid solutions.

More modern cleaning is cleaning in shot blasting machines using fine cast iron shot.

Workers feed the parts for stamping.