Mechanical equipment tramcars. (1985)

A tram is going down the street.

Trams leave the depot.

View of the wheel pairs of the car.

Tram trains consisting of two and three cars.

The main structural elements of the car: the body, mechanical and electrical systems of the car.

The car body has a rigid all-metal bearing structure.

The body frame consists of a central beam, two longitudinal and two end beams.

A cartoon showing the construction of the body frame.

The assembled body with a frame is lowered onto trolleys equipped with pivot supports.

The running parts of the trolley car.

A cartoon showing the construction of running trolleys.

Spring suspensions, electromagnetic rail brakes, cardan shafts, traction motors, a pivot beam, which is installed on spring suspensions, are placed on the longitudinal beams.

Installation of a pivot beam.

Wheel pairs transfer the load from the weight of the car to the rails, direct the movement of the car on straight and curved sections of the track.

A large gear gear is mounted on the axle of the wheelset.

The wheelset consists of an axle with a gearbox and rubberized running wheels pressed on it.

A cartoon explaining the design of a rubberized wheel.

Wheel assembly.

The rubberized wheel significantly reduces noise and dynamic shocks when the car is moving.

The ridge on the brace holds the wheel on the rail.

When the wheels are rolling along the arrows and crosses of the rail tracks, significant dynamic forces arise.

To weaken them, a spring suspension of the body is used.

Spring suspension kit.

A cartoon explaining the operation of spring suspension.

To transfer the torque from the motor armature shaft to the wheel pairs, a cardan-gear transmission is used.

The tram engine is sprung, so there is a need to use a device that allows some movement of the engine relative to the wheelset.

Such a connecting link is the driveshaft.

A cartoon explaining the operation of a single-stage gearbox.

Two-stage gearbox.

A cartoon explaining the operation of a two-stage gearbox.

A cartoon explaining the operation of the plain transmission.

A tram traveling on a flat surface.

A tram running on high gradients.

A cartoon explaining the operation of the mountain transmission.

Brakes of modern drum-type wagons.

A cartoon explaining the installation schemes of drum brakes.

The main elements of the drum brake.

The brake pad drive can be pneumatic or electric.

A cartoon explaining the operation of brake pads.

A cartoon explaining the operation of the rail brake.

The rail brake is used only for emergency braking.

The tram goes down the street of the city.

Types of roofs of tram cars.

To ensure electrical safety, rubber mats are laid on the roof of the car.

Special hatches are provided in the floor of the tram for inspection and repair.

The heat from the starting and braking resistors is used to heat the wagons.

Coupling devices for connecting wagons.

Modern automatic coupling.

The wagons are equipped with sandboxes, sand from which, in case of slipping during acceleration and skidding during braking, is fed under the wheels.

Safety devices under the driver's cab.

Variants of doors in cars.

Mechanisms for opening and closing doors.

A cartoon explaining the operation of an electrical mechanism.

All types of trams have windscreen wipers.

Audible alarm.

Light alarm and lighting.

Two-lever pantographs.

The spring mechanism provides the lift and the necessary force of the insertion pressure on the contact wire.

The tram goes over the bridge.

Panorama of the city, view from the river.