"steel" newsreels and historical clips

... work with levers, and so on.

Red-hot steel ingots.

View of the production management center.

Red-hot ingots on the conveyor.

Control center - workers at the control panel, control the work, manage the production process.

View of the workshop, a red-hot ingot of steel is moving along the conveyor.

The gateway ...

... of the river, ships.

The ship is on lockdown.

Large - the water level rises.

In the frame - the ship "Baltic-18".

Panorama of cargo platforms with steel.

The workshop of the plant - the production process is underway, with the help of special cranes, huge ingots of red-hot metal are moved.

The production ...

... process.

An employee near the production equipment.

The workshop of the plant, workers are busy at the final stage of production - the production of steel sheets.

Different frames of the production process, the faces of the workers.

The territory of the plant, there is a freight train on the rails.

View ...

The Novolipetsk metallurgical combine.

The shop works.

Remote production management.

Melting plates (rental).

The steel coil.

The Zaporozhye steel mill: lab open-hearth plant, steel melting.

Steel, steelworker at work.

... is coming.

The plane takes off.

A monument dedicated to space exploration.

Monument to P.P. Anosov, the great Russian metallurgist.

Studying damask steel, Anosov found that the quality of the metal is related to its crystal structure.

Photo of D.K. Chernov, the founder of the science of metals.

Chernov ...

... carbon content of up to 2% are called steels.

Above the top line of the chart (liquidus line) all iron-carbon alloys are in a liquid state.

The finished steel is released from the furnace into a casting ladle, and from the ladle into special molds - molds.

The steel in the mills cools unevenly, so the ...

... of the metal changes.

Blanks in the form of steel rods.

The main influence on the structure and properties of the metal is the carbon content.

Steels with a carbon content of up to 0.8% are called structural.

The structure of such steel.

Structural steels have sufficient strength and ductility and are ...

... are used for the manufacture of various machine parts.

The structure of steel with a carbon content of more than 0.8%.

Such steel has increased hardness and is called tool steel.

Carbon tool steel is used for the manufacture of tools operating at low loads and low cutting speeds.

Drilling holes.

To improve ...

... added to carbon steel.

With the help of alloying additives, structural steel is obtained for the most critical machine parts.

Structural steels with special physico-chemical properties include heat-resistant, acid-resistant, with increased electrical resistance and many other special steels and alloys.

Satellite ...

Samples of tools made of alloyed high-speed steels.

This tool works at high cutting speeds and temperatures up to 600 degrees.

The work of the stamp.

For their manufacture, alloy steels with a complex of necessary properties are used.

Alloys with a carbon content above 2% are called cast iron.

Alloys ...

... mechanical processing, are very hard and brittle.

Testing of white cast iron for strength.

Therefore, they go to the redistribution.

In metallurgy - for steel, in mechanical engineering for ductile iron.

The process of processing white cast iron into malleable.

The structure of ductile iron.

Compared with ...

... additive.

Such cast iron is called particularly durable.

Casting from such cast iron is a blank of the crankshaft.

The main way to improve the quality of steel is heat treatment.

Removal of workpieces from the furnace after heat treatment.

Cooling of workpieces.

The process of heat treatment of metal on the ...

Steelmaking shop.

Ingots of steel.

The steel ladle is moved by a crane to the place of casting.

Types of steel ladles (animation).

The stairs.

Cleaning of stairs from soot and scale.

Application of lubricant.

Casting steel from above.

Siphon casting (animation).

Casting of quiet steel.

The process of crystallization ...

... crystallization of steel in units (animation).

Casting of steel into mills.

Stripping of ingots.

Casting on continuous casting machines of blanks (animation)

Curved and radial type machines (animation).

Continuous casting shop.

... at the furnace.

Metal forging.

Hardening of steel.

Laboratory of the Institute of Metal Physics of the Ural Scientific Center of the USSR Academy of Sciences.

Micrograph of the structure of non-hardened steel.

The structure of steel after quenching.

The steel sample is placed in a magnetic field.

Processing ...

... alloying additives.

Disconnecting the furnace power supply.

Measuring the temperature of steel in the furnace.

Steel production.

Steel in the bucket.

Penetration of the slag crust.

Measuring the temperature of steel in the bucket.